Caracterización del aparato estomatal en cártamo bajo condiciones de invernadero

Abstract

Sixteen lines of safflower were evaluated in the greenhouse with and objective of characterizing the stomatal apparatus on the upper and lower surface of the leaf and to estimate broad sense heritability. A randomized block design was chosen with three replications. 

The analysis of variance indicated significant differences for the stomatal frequency and its length on both the sides of the leaf and for stomatal width on the upper surface only, revealing considerable variability for these traits among the genetic resources studied. The stomatal frequency varied from 26.6 to 36.5 with a mean of 32.2 per microscopic field on the upper surface, meanwhile it ranged from 29.6 to 42.2 with a mean of 36.2 on the lower surface of the leaf. In safflower 12.1% more stomata were manifested on the lower surface when compared to the upper surface. The varieties saffire (28.95), Kino 76 (30.3) and Noroeste VF84 (30.3) were identified with lower stomatal density. The varieties Jerusalem 1136, Egipto CM 1239, Río 70, Aceitera, CVF 36, Kino 76, N.4055, Saffola 208 and Man- te 81, contained smaller size stomata. The differences for stomatal width was not appreciable on the lower epidermis of the leaf. Higher values of broad-sense he- ritability was recorded for the stomatal frequency on the upper (79.8%), lower (85.7%), for stomatal lenght on the upper (55.6%) and lower (53.2%) epidermis of the leaf.