Utilización de zeolita en la alimentación de cerdos para abasto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59741/agraria.v8i3.464Keywords:
swine diets, nutrition, behavior, weight gainAbstract
Use of Zeolite in Diets of Swine for Slaughter. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition of three levels of clinoptilolite -zeolite type- in the diet of pigs in a feeding program designed in three stages, based on productive behavior and metabolic profiles. A group of 42 pigs was selected: 24 barrows and 18 females of the commercial crossbred Yorkshire, Hampshire and Landrace with a live weight between 13 and 99 kg. The treatments were designed according to the combination of factor levels: Production stage (initiation, growth, completion) and Level of inclusion of zeolite in the diet (0, 2, 4%). An experimental randomized block design was applied. The experiment lasted 114 days and was held at the Granja Porcina (pig farm) of the Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro (UAAAN), located in Saltillo, Coah., Mexico. There were no differences (P> 0.05) for Weight gain, but differences showed up for Consumption and Feed conversion (P <0.05). Zeolite at 4% increased Consumption, but reduced Feed efficiency, while at 2% improved Feed conversion without increasing Food intake. The glucose concentration in serum increased in the growing and finishing stages, but remained constant at initiation (P <0.05). The concentration of urea and creatinine decreased in all three stages of production (P <0.05). The total protein had a tendency to decrease in the initiation, and rise in growth and completion (P <0.05). Cholesterol and minerals were not affected (P> 0.05). It may be concluded that the addition of zeolite in the diet neither improves weight gain, nor affects the metabolism of minerals and fat, but it does affect the feed intake, feed conversion, and enzymatic processes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins.
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