Sorbentes de bajo costo y materiales reciclados para la remoción de contaminantes en agua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59741/agraria.v23i2.737Palabras clave:
Adsorción, Tratamiento de aguas, Residuos agroindustriales, Polímeros reciclados, Economía circularResumen
La contaminación del agua y la creciente escasez de agua potable exigen tecnologías de tratamiento eficientes y accesibles. Aunque la sorción es una opción eficaz, el alto costo de los materiales comerciales limita su uso a gran escala, especialmente en países en desarrollo. En este contexto, este trabajo explora la valorización de residuos agroindustriales y poliméricos como sorbentes de bajo costo. Se revisan los fundamentos del proceso, incluyendo mecanismos de fisisorción y quimisorción, así como modelos cinéticos e isotérmicos, y se destaca que, mediante modificaciones químicas y térmicas, estos materiales pueden alcanzar capacidades competitivas, superando en algunos casos los 400 mg/g para contaminantes como metales y colorantes. Desde una perspectiva de economía circular, esta estrategia es prometedora, aunque persisten desafíos en su escalado, regeneración y validación en condiciones reales.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro
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