Evaluación de genotipos de tomate considerando criterios fisiológicos, fenológicos y de rendimiento, bajo condiciones de alta temperatura, en invernadero

Abstract

12 Tomatoes genotype with wide genetic diversity were evaluated from April to October 1993, under intensive production conditions and under high temperature in greenhouse. For taking effect on statistical analysis correspondent to group the variables under study in :phenologics variables, physiologics, quantitatives and qualitatives of the yield. In physiologic variables, dates of evaluation and leaf position showed effects highly significatives in Photosynthesis, Transpiration, Stomatal Conductance and Efficient Use of Water. Genotypes showed significative differences for photosynthesis and transpiration, and highly significative for efficient use of water. In the comparison of means for physiologic variables, the genotypes Montecarlo, Israel and Floradade, were those of highest Photo synthesis. For the factor day hours, Photosynthesis, Efficient Use of Water and Stomatal Conductance, reached the highest medium worth for de morning. Transpiration reached the highest worth at noon. For the phenologic variables, the best genotypes for number of days in harvest, were Sunny and Montecarlo. In quantitative variables of yield, for number of fruits for plant the best genotype was Pixie Hybrid II. For middle weight fruits was the genotype Supersteack, and for number of cutting for plant the best was the genotype Montecarlo. Positive and significative correlation were detected between days at last harvest and kilograms for plant and between transpiration and yield and between others pairs of variables. The path analysis, found that photosynthesis and transpiration presented a direct effects very high an yield, with a high positive correlation. In general, the variables that most to influence yield were number of days in harvest, photosynthesis, transpiration and number of fruits for plant. The genotypes 83 (Floradade) and 34 (Celebrity) were the best.